Harvesting benefits: Exploring the impacts and barriers of school garden programs

Abstract

This study investigated the benefits and challenges of implementing school garden programs in elementary schools, focusing on their impact on students’ learning, environmental awareness, health, and social development. Using a descriptive phenomenological approach, the experiences of fifteen teachers, staff, and students were explored through purposive sampling and open-ended questionnaires. Thematic analysis revealed four major benefit areas: academic and experiential learning, environmental awareness and sustainability, health and well-being, and social development and community building. Simultaneously, schools faced challenges related to resource constraints, time limitations, garden maintenance, and stakeholder engagement. Quantitative data highlighted the prevalence of each theme, indicating that school gardens foster hands-on learning, responsible environmental behavior, healthier eating habits, and teamwork, while challenges require careful planning, collaboration, and creative solutions. The findings underscore the importance of integrating school gardens into the curriculum and promoting active involvement of teachers, parents, and community members to maximize their educational and social impact.